The Sycophantic Slide: From Static Detection to Dynamic Trajectories in Multi-Turn LLM Conversations
The 14th International Conference on Human-Agent Interaction · HAI '26 · Osaka, Japan · November 16–19, 2026
The paper reframes sycophancy as a trajectory, not a switch: linguistic agreement can accumulate across turns before a model visibly changes its stance.
- Corpus
- ~2,500 five-turn conversations per primary model
- Primary models
- Claude 3.7 Sonnet · GPT-4o · DeepSeek-R1
- Analysis
- LIWC-22 · random forest · logistic regression · longitudinal GLM
- Validation
- Out-of-sample testing with Llama 3.3 and Qwen 2.5
- 01
The drift starts before the flip
Conversations ending in a stance change showed compounding assent across turns; stable conversations stayed comparatively flat.
- 02
A small signal set travels across models
Eight shared lexical markers, plus the turn-to-turn change in assent, captured a cross-model pattern of compliance and resistance.
- 03
Detection can become proactive
Tracking the trajectory creates an opportunity to surface conversational drift before the model explicitly abandons its position.
The public paper link will be added when the camera-ready version is available.